Dr. Kehinde Foluke Paul-Odeniran is one of Nigeria’s most brilliant contributions to global pharmaceutical research. Combining sharp intellect with elegance and a passionate drive for meaningful research, she is a postdoctoral research fellow at the School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, UK. In this capacity, she is dedicated to the preclinical development of novel therapies targeting schistosomiasis. Her expansive research portfolio encompasses the entire drug discovery process, leveraging both natural products and cutting-edge computational and experimental techniques to address neglected tropical parasitic diseases.
Prior to her current position, Dr. Paul-Odeniran served as a lecturer in the Department of Natural Sciences at Precious Cornerstone University in Ibadan, Nigeria. She earned her Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees in Biochemistry from the University of Ibadan and later obtained a Master’s and PhD in Pharmaceutical Chemistry from the University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa. She is also a member of the Royal Society of Chemistry and a Fellow of the Higher Education Academy. In this interview with AllNaijaDiaspora, Dr. Paul-Odeniran shares insights about her remarkable journey, her groundbreaking research, advice for young scientists, and strategies to promote STEM education among young girls in Africa. Excerpts:
What first drew you to the field of computational pharmaceutical research? Were there any specific role models or scientific advancements that sparked your interest?
My interest in computational pharmaceutical research was sparked in January 2019 during my time as a predoctoral student at the Wellcome Centre for Integrative Parasitology, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom. I attended a seminar on computer-aided drug design in parasitology, which highlighted its potential to expedite the discovery of novel drugs for neglected tropical parasitic diseases, particularly those already resistant to existing treatments. This seminar was a light bulb moment for me, and I knew I wanted to venture into this field. Professor Charles Laughton, a distinguished professor of computational pharmaceutical chemistry, has been a significant mentor and inspiration in my journey.
Could you walk us through a typical day in your role as a computational pharmaceutical researcher? What are the most rewarding and challenging aspects of your work?
Almost always, I schedule my day beforehand to ensure a structured and productive workflow. A typical day involves running simulations and analysing the resulting data, which is crucial for advancing our research. I also hold several work-related meetings, collaborating with colleagues and discussing ongoing projects. Additionally, I contribute to writing tasks, such as manuscripts, grant proposals, and fellowship applications.
The most rewarding aspect of my work is the potential to make significant contributions to drug discovery, particularly for diseases that have been neglected or are resistant to existing treatments. It’s incredibly fulfilling to know that my research could lead to breakthroughs that improve global health outcomes.
On the other hand, the most challenging aspect is the complexity and unpredictability of the research process. Computational models and simulations can be intricate and require constant refinement, and results are not always straightforward or immediate. However, these challenges are also what make the successes so gratifying.
How do you envision your research impacting the development of new drugs or treatments?
My research aims to accelerate drug development by using computational models to predict how drug candidates interact with their targets. This approach can identify promising compounds more quickly and accurately than traditional methods, reducing both time and cost.
What exciting developments do you see on the horizon for computational pharmaceutical research?
The future of computational pharmaceutical research is incredibly promising. Advances in artificial intelligence and machine learning are set to revolutionise drug discovery by enabling more sophisticated and accurate predictive models. These technologies will help us analyse vast datasets more efficiently, leading to quicker identification of potential drug candidates.
Additionally, the integration of big data from genomics and proteomics will allow for more personalised medicine, tailoring treatments to individual genetic profiles. The increasing power of quantum computing also holds potential to solve complex biological problems that are currently beyond our reach.
Overall, these developments will significantly enhance our ability to discover and optimise new drugs, ultimately improving patient outcomes and addressing currently unmet medical needs.
Could you tell us about the scholarship that brought you to study in the UK? How has it influenced your academic trajectory?
I came to the UK with the Royal Society Newton International Fellowship, a highly competitive and prestigious fellowship established in 2008. It is designed to select the very best early career postdoctoral researchers from around the world and enables them to work at UK research institutions. This fellowship has significantly influenced my academic trajectory by providing me with access to world-class resources and expertise, allowing me to advance my research in computational pharmaceutical chemistry. Additionally, it gave me the opportunity to be endorsed as a Global Talent, further enhancing my career prospects and collaborations within the UK and internationally.
You’ve achieved a lot in your young career. What advice would you offer to aspiring researchers hoping to follow a similar path?
My advice to aspiring researchers is to carefully determine your career focus and plan accordingly. It’s crucial to have a clear vision of what you want to achieve and to set realistic goals that will guide your journey. Hard work and perseverance are essential, as success in research often comes after overcoming numerous challenges and setbacks. Additionally, having a mentor can be invaluable. A mentor provides guidance, shares their experience, and offers constructive feedback, helping you navigate the complexities of your field. Seek out mentors who inspire you and whose work you admire. Building a strong network can open up new opportunities and provide support when needed. Also, remain adaptable and open to new ideas. Research is an ever-evolving field, and being able to adapt to new technologies and methodologies will keep you at the forefront of your discipline.
What are some of your long-term goals as a researcher? Are there specific areas of computational pharmaceuticals you’d like to focus on?
My long-term goals as a researcher are centred on combating neglected tropical parasitic diseases through innovative computational approaches. I aim to develop and refine computational models that can expedite the discovery and optimisation of new treatments for these diseases, which disproportionately affect the world’s most vulnerable populations.
One specific area I’d like to focus on is the application of artificial intelligence and machine learning to identify potential drug candidates more quickly and accurately. By harnessing these technologies, we can predict how drugs interact with parasitic targets, ultimately leading to the development of more effective therapies.
Ultimately, my goal is to ensure that our research translates into tangible health benefits for those affected by neglected tropical parasitic diseases. By fostering collaborations with global health organisations, local researchers, and clinical practitioners, I hope to drive forward the development of accessible and effective treatments, improving health outcomes in underserved communities.
Could you describe your current research focus in computational pharmaceutical research and its potential impact on the field?
My current research focuses on developing new treatments for schistosomiasis, a prevalent disease in sub-Saharan Africa. Due to the emergence of drug-resistant strains, praziquantel, the standard treatment, is becoming less effective. I am investigating the potential of statins to inhibit the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase in the mevalonate pathway of Schistosoma mansoni, which is crucial for the parasite’s survival. Using both computational and experimental methods, our goal is to understand the molecular mechanism of statins in treating schistosomiasis and identify potential drug candidates for further trials. This research could lead to effective new treatments for a disease that significantly impacts vulnerable populations.
What has your experience been like as a Nigerian researcher living and working in the UK?
As a Nigerian researcher living and working in the UK, my experience has been both enriching and challenging. On one hand, I have had the privilege of accessing world-class research facilities and collaborating with leading experts in my field. The diversity and inclusiveness of the academic environment have allowed me to bring my unique perspective and contribute meaningfully to my research area. However, there have also been challenges. Adapting to a different cultural and social environment took some time. I had to get used to the British weather, the communication style, and the fast-paced work culture. Despite these adjustments, the supportive and collaborative atmosphere in the UK has made the transition smoother. The exposure to a global research community has broadened my horizons and opened up numerous opportunities for professional growth. It has also reinforced the importance of resilience and adaptability, qualities that are deeply rooted in my Nigerian heritage.
Have you encountered any significant cultural adjustments or challenges since moving to the UK? How did you overcome them?
I have encountered several cultural adjustments since moving to the UK. The weather was a significant change, particularly adjusting to the frequent rain and shorter days in winter.
The communication style and accents also posed challenges. British communication often involves a high level of politeness and indirectness, which requires some adaptation. Additionally, understanding various regional accents and colloquial expressions took some time.
The work culture was another area of adjustment. I found that the work environment here emphasises a balance between professionalism and a friendly, collaborative approach.
The fast-paced walking was quite different from what I was used to, and it took some time to adapt to the brisk pace of life. To overcome these challenges, I immersed myself in the local culture by attending social events and engaging with the community. Making friends with locals and seeking guidance from colleagues helped me understand and appreciate the cultural nuances. Keeping an open mind, asking questions, and being willing to learn from others have been crucial in my adjustment process.
Overall, embracing the experience and maintaining a positive attitude have been key to overcoming these cultural adjustments.
In what ways do you think your background and experiences as a Nigerian have influenced your research perspective?
My background and experiences as a Nigerian have profoundly influenced my research perspective. The Nigerian spirit of “when there is a will, there is a way” has been a driving force in my approach to research. This ingrained sense of resilience and determination pushes me to persist in the face of challenges and to continually seek solutions rather than giving up.
In times of difficulty, this resilient mindset encourages me to think creatively and explore alternative approaches to overcome obstacles. It has also instilled in me a strong work ethic and the ability to adapt to changing circumstances, both of which are invaluable in the dynamic field of research.
Moreover, my diverse cultural background allows me to bring a unique perspective to my work, fostering innovative thinking and a broader understanding of global health challenges. This perspective is particularly beneficial when addressing issues related to neglected tropical diseases, which disproportionately affect regions like Nigeria.
In sum, my Nigerian heritage has equipped me with the perseverance, creativity, and determination essential for success in computational pharmaceutical research.
Are there any Nigerian cultural practices or traditions that you find particularly grounding or inspirational in your work?
Yes, several Nigerian cultural practices and traditions provide grounding and inspiration in my work. One such practice is the emphasis on community and collective effort. In Nigeria, the sense of community is strong, and there is a cultural tradition of supporting one another, which reminds me of the importance of collaboration and teamwork in research.
You have also spent time in South Africa during your academic journey. How did that experience shape your career and research outlook?
My experience in South Africa significantly shaped my career and research outlook. It taught me the importance of teamwork and collaboration, as I worked in multicultural environments where diverse backgrounds and perspectives enriched our research projects. This experience instilled in me the abilities to think logically, disruptively, and critically, fostering innovation, creativity, and adaptability. During my time there, I was introduced to advanced methods in computational drug design, which have been pivotal in my current research. The skills and insights I gained in South Africa have enabled me to tackle intricate and complex challenges effectively. Overall, this experience has been instrumental in my professional development, helping me to integrate and thrive in diverse research settings.
Were there any specific projects or collaborations in South Africa that had a lasting impact on your work?
My PhD project in South Africa had a lasting impact on my subsequent works. The project was rigorous and required outside-the-box thinking, exploring perspectives that had never been examined by the lab before. This experience challenged me to push the boundaries of conventional research approaches and fostered a deep sense of innovation and creativity in my work. The skills and insights gained from this project continue to influence my approach to tackling complex research problems and have been invaluable in my subsequent projects.
How do you see the role of African countries, including Nigeria and South Africa, in the global scientific community?
African countries have a significant and growing role in the global scientific community. One of the most promising contributions is in drug design, particularly leveraging Africa’s rich biodiversity. Research in these countries is increasingly focused on discovering and developing drugs from African natural products, which have the potential to address global health challenges.
This approach not only highlights the unique medicinal resources available in Africa but also promotes the concept of  “drug design by Africans, using African natural products, developed in Africa, for global consumption.” By harnessing local knowledge and resources, African researchers can contribute novel treatments and therapies that benefit global health. Moreover, fostering such innovation within Africa helps build local research capacity, encourages scientific collaboration, and showcases the continent’s potential to contribute to worldwide scientific advancements.
The active participation of African countries in the global scientific community is essential for addressing both regional and international health issues, and it paves the way for more inclusive and diverse scientific progress.
How important do you think scholarships and funding are for emerging researchers, especially those from underrepresented backgrounds?
Scholarships and funding have been absolutely crucial in my own journey as a researcher, and I believe they are especially important for emerging researchers from underrepresented backgrounds. Personally, securing the Royal Society Newton International Fellowship provided the financial support needed to pursue my research without the constant worry of funding constraints. This allowed me to focus entirely on my work and make significant progress. For researchers from underrepresented backgrounds, scholarships and funding are not just about financial support—they are about access to opportunities. They enable talented individuals to gain entry to prestigious institutions, access advanced research facilities, and connect with leading experts in their fields. This support helps level the playing field and ensures that diverse perspectives are included in the global scientific community.
These opportunities often come with mentorship and professional development, which are invaluable for career growth. In my case, the mentorship and networking opportunities provided by the fellowship were instrumental in shaping my research and professional trajectory. Overall, investing in scholarships and funding for underrepresented researchers fosters inclusivity and drives progress by ensuring that all talented individuals, regardless of their background, have the chance to contribute to and excel in their fields.
Could you share your experience applying for and securing scholarships? What tips would you offer to others in a similar position?
Applying for and securing scholarships has been a critical part of my academic journey. Here are some tips based on my experience:
Pay Attention to Eligibility Criteria: Carefully review the eligibility requirements for each scholarship or grant. Do not make assumptions about your eligibility; double-check every detail to ensure you meet all the criteria.
Seek Guidance: Reach out to previous recipients of the scholarship you are applying for. Their insights and advice can be invaluable. They can provide tips on what to highlight in your application and how to present your achievements effectively.
Commit Fully to Your Application: Put in your best effort when preparing your application. It is essential to know that you gave it your all, as it can be a heavy burden to realize you were not accepted due to a lacklustre or incomplete application.
Be Resilient: Understand that not every application will be successful. Failure to secure a grant, despite your best efforts, can be disheartening, but it is important to learn from the experience and move on. Resilience is key in the competitive world of academic funding.
Plan Ahead: If you are a PhD student interested in a postdoctoral position, start researching specific postdoc awards in your final year. Being proactive and well-informed about the opportunities available will give you a head start in the application process.
Based on your experiences, what specific actions can Nigeria and other African countries take to inspire young girls to pursue careers in STEM and excel in those fields?
To inspire young girls in Nigeria and other African countries to pursue and excel in STEM careers, several specific actions can be taken. Implementing STEM outreach programs in schools can spark interest and curiosity through hands-on activities, science fairs, and interactive workshops, making STEM subjects more engaging and accessible.
An inclusive curriculum that highlights the contributions of women in STEM can help combat stereotypes and promote gender equality. Providing career guidance and counselling from an early age can help girls understand the opportunities available in STEM fields and how to pursue them. Offering scholarships and financial support specifically for girls pursuing STEM education can remove financial barriers and encourage more girls to enter these fields. Creating a supportive community that includes parents, teachers, and peers can further encourage girls to pursue their interests in STEM, celebrating their achievements and providing a positive environment for learning and growth.
Finally, providing young girls with accessible role models and mentors in STEM fields is crucial. Seeing successful women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics can inspire and motivate girls to envision similar careers for themselves. These role models can share their experiences, challenges, and achievements, offering guidance and encouragement.
What does a typical day look like for you, balancing research, academic duties, and personal life?
A typical day for me is a blend of research, academic responsibilities, and personal time, all made manageable with the strong support of my family. I usually start my mornings early with research ideation, conceptualisations, running simulations, and analysing data, which are crucial parts of my work. This quiet time is ideal for focusing on complex problems without interruptions. In the afternoons, I switch to my academic duties, which include teaching classes, mentoring students, and working on writing tasks such as manuscripts and grant proposals. I find mentoring particularly rewarding, as it allows me to support and inspire the next generation of researchers. Evenings are reserved for family time. My family’s support is invaluable; they provide the encouragement and balance I need to stay motivated. We enjoy meals together, catch up on our days, and engage in relaxing activities. This time helps me unwind and recharge.
I strive to complete the tasks on my to-do list each day to avoid carrying over too many tasks to the next day, which can complicate things. I also make an effort to keep my weekends free from job-related duties. Additionally, I carve out personal time for hobbies and relaxation, such as reading or watching documentaries. This balance is crucial for maintaining my well-being and ensuring that I remain productive and focused in both my professional and personal life.
How do you stay motivated and inspired in your work, especially during challenging times?
To stay motivated and inspired, especially during challenging times, I keep abreast of new literature in my field to stay informed about exciting methodologies and breakthroughs. This continuous learning keeps me engaged and fuels my curiosity. Additionally, connecting with colleagues and participating in academic discussions helps me gain new perspectives and ideas, reinforcing my passion for research. The profound potential impact of my research on global health is a constant source of motivation. Knowing that my efforts could lead to significant improvements in the treatment of diseases drives me to persevere, even when faced with challenges. This sense of purpose and the pursuit of meaningful contributions to science and society keep me inspired and committed to my research.
What hobbies or activities do you enjoy outside of your research work?
Outside of my research work, I enjoy reading autobiographies and biographies of notable African heroes and heroines. These stories provide inspiration and a sense of connection to my heritage. I also like watching docuseries on the latest engineering wonders, which satisfy my curiosity and interest in technological advancements. In addition, I value catching up with friends and family. These activities enrich my personal life and provide a refreshing break from the demands of research.
What message would you like to share with aspiring researchers and those considering a career in computational pharmaceutical research?
To aspiring researchers and those considering a career in computational pharmaceutical research, I would say this: Embrace curiosity (Do not lose this for anything) and never stop learning. The field of computational pharmaceuticals is dynamic and constantly evolving, offering endless opportunities for discovery and innovation. It’s essential to be persistent and resilient. Research can be challenging, and setbacks are inevitable, but these challenges are what make the successes so rewarding. Adopt a problem-solving mindset and remember that each obstacle is an opportunity to learn and grow. Believe in yourself and your ability to contribute to this exciting field. Every great researcher started with a single step, and with dedication and perseverance, you too can make meaningful contributions to computational pharmaceutical research.
